In September 1620, a wooden cargo ship called the Mayflower left Plymouth, England, with about 102 passengers squeezed below its decks. About 66 days later, after a stormy crossing of the Atlantic, they reached Cape Cod in what is now Massachusetts. The land they arrived in was not empty: it was the homeland of the Wampanoag people, who had lived there for thousands of years and still live there today.
These 30 Mayflower riddles tell that story from both sides of the shore. The easy round covers the ship and the people, the medium round explains the Mayflower Compact and the Wampanoag leaders who met the newcomers, and the tricky round has the surprising details, from a baby born at sea to a passenger who fell overboard and lived. Where historians arenβt sure of an exact number, the answer says βabout.β
Easy Mayflower Riddles
Iβm a wooden sailing ship. In 1620, I carried about 102 passengers across the ocean from England to America. Whatβs my name?
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The Mayflower crossed this huge ocean, between Europe and North America, to reach its new home. Which ocean is it?
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In what year did the Mayflower make its famous voyage?
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If April showers bring May flowers, what do Mayflowers bring?
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The Mayflower had no engine at all. What caught the wind to push it across the ocean?
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These people had lived on the land around Cape Cod and Plymouth for thousands of years before the Mayflower arrived, and they still live in Massachusetts today. Who are they?
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The Wampanoag grew this tall crop with golden ears. They showed the colonists how to plant it in little hills of soil, with a small fish buried in each hill to feed the soil. What crop is it?
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In the fall of 1621, after their first harvest, the colonists and about 90 Wampanoag men shared a big meal that lasted three days. Which modern holiday do many people link it to?
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Every ship needs one person in charge. On the Mayflower, it was a man named Christopher Jones. What was his job?
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Not every Mayflower passenger was a person. Two of us came along: a big mastiff and a small spaniel. What were we?
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Medium Mayflower Riddles
How long did the Mayflowerβs crossing take: about 6 days, about 66 days or about 166 days?
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The Mayflower was supposed to sail with a second, smaller ship. That ship leaked so badly that it turned back twice, and some of its passengers squeezed onto the Mayflower. Its name sounds like a wish for a fast trip. What was it?
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Before going ashore, 41 men on the ship signed an agreement to make fair laws and work together for the good of the colony. What is it called?
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The first land the Mayflower reached was a long, curling arm of sand that sticks out from Massachusetts into the ocean. Itβs named after a fish. What is it?
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The colonists built their town on a harbor across the bay from where they first landed. It had the same name as the English port they sailed from. What was it called?
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I was the great leader, or sachem, of the Wampanoag. In March 1621, I made a peace agreement with the colonists that lasted for about 50 years. People know me by my title. Who am I?
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I was a Wampanoag man from Patuxet, the village where Plymouth was built. Years earlier, an English sea captain captured me and took me to Europe, where I learned English. Back home, I translated for the colonists and helped them plant crops. Who am I?
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In March 1621, a visitor walked into Plymouth and surprised everyone by saying βWelcome, Englishmen!β in English. He was an Abenaki leader from Maine who had learned some English from fishermen. Who was he?
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Wampanoag families lived in dome-shaped homes built from bent young trees and covered with tree bark or woven mats. What is this kind of home called?
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Wampanoag farmers planted three crops together: corn to grow tall like a pole, beans to climb up the corn, and squash with big leaves to shade the ground. What is this trio called?
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Tricky Mayflower Riddles
One baby was born on the Mayflower during the voyage, far out at sea. His parents gave him a name that fit perfectly. What was it?
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Plymouth Rock is famous as the place where the Pilgrims first stepped ashore. But none of the colonistsβ own writings mention it. About how long after 1620 was the rock first pointed out?
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Halfway across the ocean, a big beam that held up the shipβs deck cracked in a storm. The passengers fixed it with a heavy tool theyβd brought from Holland. What was it?
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During a storm, a young passenger named John Howland was thrown overboard into the sea. How did he survive?
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In 1957, a ship built to look just like the Mayflower sailed from England across the Atlantic to Plymouth, Massachusetts, where you can still visit it. What is it called?
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The Mayflowerβs crossing took about 66 days. How many full weeks is that, and how many extra days?
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A colonist named Edward Winslow wrote that during the 1621 harvest celebration, Massasoitβs men went out and brought back five of these animals for the feast. What were they?
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Many of the Mayflower passengers had broken away from the Church of England to start their own church. What were they called then?
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I was elected governor of Plymouth over and over for about 30 years, and I wrote βOf Plymouth Plantation,β the best record we have of the voyage. Who am I?
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Today, the Aquinnah Wampanoag Tribe has its homelands on an island just south of Cape Cod. Its name includes a womanβs name and a place where grapes grow. What is the island?
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Mayflower Riddles in the Classroom
- Two-sided timeline: draw a long line on the board from 1620 to 1621. As students solve each riddle, they add the answer to the timeline, with colonistsβ events above the line and Wampanoag events below it.
- Crossing the Atlantic: make a paper Mayflower and a map with 66 small steps from England to Cape Cod. Every riddle solved moves the ship forward. Will the class reach land before the bell rings?
- Compact challenge: after the medium round, ask small groups to write their own five-rule βclass compactβ for working together, then sign it like the Mayflower passengers did.
- Who said it? For the tricky round, read the riddle without the last line and ask students to guess first whether itβs about the ship, the colonists or the Wampanoag.
For more history riddles, try our US history riddles, these riddles for Thanksgiving or our boat riddles.